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NPEO / NP / ALKYLPHENOLS
NPEO (nonyl phenyl ethoxylate) / NP
REACH Annex XVII - (Formerly known as Directive 2003/53/EC)
What are they?
This group of chemicals includes substances such as: propylphenol, butylphenol, amilphenol, heptylphenol, octylphenol, nonylphenol, dodecylphenol etc. Alkylphenols are used as emulsifiers, wetting agents, detergent auxiliaries in scouring and bleaching processes. Some derivatives have been used as additives in plastics (e.g. in PVC or modified polystyrene).
Toxicology?
These compounds degrade in the environment in order to produce alkylphenols, which are persistent and bioaccumulative toxic substances that may have harmful effects on estrogenic activity and represent a risk factor to lymphocytes, complications in the placenta and in the umbilical cord. Furthermore, they may be toxic in aquatic organisms and upset the sexual development in other types of organisms.
Where Used?
Alkyl phenols and alkyl phenyl ethoxylates are commonly used as wetting agents in textile processing. In particular, they are used with fibres such as silk and linen, whose naturally occurring gums and resins make them difficult to wet out.
Why Restricted?
Certain of them are regarded as "Persistent Organic Pollutants" (POPS), which means they are bio-accumulative. They are toxic to the environment and to human health, and are considered to be reprotoxic.
What is the Restriction?
Directive 2003/53/EC restricts the use of nonyl phenol (NP) and nonyl phenyl ethoxylate (NPEO) as follows:-
It may not be placed on the market or used as a substance or constituent of preparations in concentrations equal to or higher than 0.1 % by mass for textiles and leather processing except:
- During processing with no release into waste water.
- For systems with special treatment where the process water is pretreated.
The Directive does not place a limit on the amount of NP or NPEO permitted on the end product.
Norway
In addition to the EU requirements for nonyl phenols and nonyl phenol ethoxylates, Norway also prohibits the use of octyl phenols and octyl phenol ethoxylates.
The Product Regulation, No. 922 of 1 June 2004 (Original title: Forskrift om begrensning i brukav helse- og miljofarlige kjemikalier og andre produkter (produktforskriften)) makes it prohibited to produce, import, export, market or use octyl phenol or octyl phenol ethoxylates and preparations containing octyl phenol ethoxylates.
REACH Annex XVII - (Formerly known as Directive 2003/53/EC)
What are they?
This group of chemicals includes substances such as: propylphenol, butylphenol, amilphenol, heptylphenol, octylphenol, nonylphenol, dodecylphenol etc. Alkylphenols are used as emulsifiers, wetting agents, detergent auxiliaries in scouring and bleaching processes. Some derivatives have been used as additives in plastics (e.g. in PVC or modified polystyrene).
Toxicology?
These compounds degrade in the environment in order to produce alkylphenols, which are persistent and bioaccumulative toxic substances that may have harmful effects on estrogenic activity and represent a risk factor to lymphocytes, complications in the placenta and in the umbilical cord. Furthermore, they may be toxic in aquatic organisms and upset the sexual development in other types of organisms.
Where Used?
Alkyl phenols and alkyl phenyl ethoxylates are commonly used as wetting agents in textile processing. In particular, they are used with fibres such as silk and linen, whose naturally occurring gums and resins make them difficult to wet out.
Why Restricted?
Certain of them are regarded as "Persistent Organic Pollutants" (POPS), which means they are bio-accumulative. They are toxic to the environment and to human health, and are considered to be reprotoxic.
What is the Restriction?
Directive 2003/53/EC restricts the use of nonyl phenol (NP) and nonyl phenyl ethoxylate (NPEO) as follows:-
It may not be placed on the market or used as a substance or constituent of preparations in concentrations equal to or higher than 0.1 % by mass for textiles and leather processing except:
- During processing with no release into waste water.
- For systems with special treatment where the process water is pretreated.
The Directive does not place a limit on the amount of NP or NPEO permitted on the end product.
Norway
In addition to the EU requirements for nonyl phenols and nonyl phenol ethoxylates, Norway also prohibits the use of octyl phenols and octyl phenol ethoxylates.
The Product Regulation, No. 922 of 1 June 2004 (Original title: Forskrift om begrensning i brukav helse- og miljofarlige kjemikalier og andre produkter (produktforskriften)) makes it prohibited to produce, import, export, market or use octyl phenol or octyl phenol ethoxylates and preparations containing octyl phenol ethoxylates.
