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Organotin Compounds
Organotin Compounds
REACH Annex XVII - (Formerly known as 2009/425/EC)
What are They?
Organotin (organostannic) compounds are a family of substances in which organic (carbon-based) groups are bonded to one or more of the available four sites on a tin atom. Generally the mono-, di-, tri-substituted organotins are used, with the "spare" sites occupied by other chemical groups.
Where are They Found?
Organotin compounds are effective as biocides. The most commonly used is tributyltin (TBT). They have been widely used in anti-fouling paints for shipping and it was this use that brought them under the environmental spotlight. Directive 2002/62/EC prohibits their use as a biocide in marine paints.
Their biocidal properties also lead to their use in other liquid formulations such as printing inks.
Their other main use is as catalysts and stabilisers in the production of PVC and PU.
Why are They Restricted?
They are reprotoxic, and are a persistent organic pollutant (POP). They cause immense damage to aquatic species.
What does the EU Directive Require?
1. Tri-Substituted Organostannic Compounds
From 1 July 2010, articles placed on the market shall contain a maximum concentration of tri-substituted organostannic compounds (e.g. tributyltin (TBT) compounds and triphenyltin (TPT) compounds) equivalent to 0.1 % by weight of tin, in the article or part thereof.
These requirements apply both to articles supplied to the public and other users too.
2. Dioctyltin (DOT) Compounds
From 1 January 2012 the following articles and mixtures placed on the market for supply to, or use by, the general public shall contain a maximum concentration of dioctyltin (DOT) compounds equivalent of 0.1 % by weight of tin in the article, or part thereof.
- Textile articles intended to come into contact with the skin
- Gloves
- Footwear or part of footwear intended to come into contact with the skin
- Wall and floor coverings
- Childcare articles
- Female hygiene products
- Nappies
- Two-component room temperature vulcanisation moulding kits (RTV-2 moulding kits)
3. Dibutyltin (DBT) Compounds
From 1 January 2012, articles and mixtures, except as listed below, placed on the market for supply to the general public shall contain a maximum concentration of dibutyltin (DBT) compounds equivalent of 0.1 % by weight of tin in the mixture or the article, or part thereof.
From 1 January 2015, the following articles and mixtures placed on the market for supply to the general public shall contain a maximum concentration of dibutyltin (DBT) compounds equivalent of 0.1 % by weight of tin in the mixture or the article, or part thereof.
- One-component and two-component room temperature vulcanisation sealants (RTV-1 and RTV-2 sealants) and adhesives.
- Paints and coatings containing DBT compounds as catalysts when applied on articles.
- Soft polyvinyl chloride (PVC) profiles whether by themselves or coextruded with hard PVC.
- Fabrics coated with PVC containing DBT compounds as stabilisers when intended for outdoor applications.
- Outdoor rainwater pipes, gutters and fittings, as well as covering material for roofing and facades.
Exemptions:
- Articles and mixtures solely not intended for supply to the general public (e.g. only for professional or industrial use). Dual use articles and mixtures supplied to both the general public and other users are therefore not exempt and will have to comply with these restrictions.
- Materials and articles intended to come into contact with food, as covered by the framework MACF Regulation (EC) No. 1935/2004. The Plastic Materials and Articles in Contact with Food Directive 2002/72/EC, as amended, includes requirements for those organotins permitted in food contact plastics.
REACH Annex XVII - (Formerly known as 2009/425/EC)
What are They?
Organotin (organostannic) compounds are a family of substances in which organic (carbon-based) groups are bonded to one or more of the available four sites on a tin atom. Generally the mono-, di-, tri-substituted organotins are used, with the "spare" sites occupied by other chemical groups.
Where are They Found?
Organotin compounds are effective as biocides. The most commonly used is tributyltin (TBT). They have been widely used in anti-fouling paints for shipping and it was this use that brought them under the environmental spotlight. Directive 2002/62/EC prohibits their use as a biocide in marine paints.
Their biocidal properties also lead to their use in other liquid formulations such as printing inks.
Their other main use is as catalysts and stabilisers in the production of PVC and PU.
Why are They Restricted?
They are reprotoxic, and are a persistent organic pollutant (POP). They cause immense damage to aquatic species.
What does the EU Directive Require?
1. Tri-Substituted Organostannic Compounds
From 1 July 2010, articles placed on the market shall contain a maximum concentration of tri-substituted organostannic compounds (e.g. tributyltin (TBT) compounds and triphenyltin (TPT) compounds) equivalent to 0.1 % by weight of tin, in the article or part thereof.
These requirements apply both to articles supplied to the public and other users too.
2. Dioctyltin (DOT) Compounds
From 1 January 2012 the following articles and mixtures placed on the market for supply to, or use by, the general public shall contain a maximum concentration of dioctyltin (DOT) compounds equivalent of 0.1 % by weight of tin in the article, or part thereof.
- Textile articles intended to come into contact with the skin
- Gloves
- Footwear or part of footwear intended to come into contact with the skin
- Wall and floor coverings
- Childcare articles
- Female hygiene products
- Nappies
- Two-component room temperature vulcanisation moulding kits (RTV-2 moulding kits)
3. Dibutyltin (DBT) Compounds
From 1 January 2012, articles and mixtures, except as listed below, placed on the market for supply to the general public shall contain a maximum concentration of dibutyltin (DBT) compounds equivalent of 0.1 % by weight of tin in the mixture or the article, or part thereof.
From 1 January 2015, the following articles and mixtures placed on the market for supply to the general public shall contain a maximum concentration of dibutyltin (DBT) compounds equivalent of 0.1 % by weight of tin in the mixture or the article, or part thereof.
- One-component and two-component room temperature vulcanisation sealants (RTV-1 and RTV-2 sealants) and adhesives.
- Paints and coatings containing DBT compounds as catalysts when applied on articles.
- Soft polyvinyl chloride (PVC) profiles whether by themselves or coextruded with hard PVC.
- Fabrics coated with PVC containing DBT compounds as stabilisers when intended for outdoor applications.
- Outdoor rainwater pipes, gutters and fittings, as well as covering material for roofing and facades.
Exemptions:
- Articles and mixtures solely not intended for supply to the general public (e.g. only for professional or industrial use). Dual use articles and mixtures supplied to both the general public and other users are therefore not exempt and will have to comply with these restrictions.
- Materials and articles intended to come into contact with food, as covered by the framework MACF Regulation (EC) No. 1935/2004. The Plastic Materials and Articles in Contact with Food Directive 2002/72/EC, as amended, includes requirements for those organotins permitted in food contact plastics.
