4.1 This test method is intended to provide only comparative measurements of surface flame spread and smoke density measurements with that of select grade red oak and fiber-cement board surfaces under the specific fire exposure conditions described herein.

4.2 This test method exposes a nominal 24-ft (7.32-m) long by 20-in. (508-mm) wide specimen to a controlled air flow and flaming fire exposure adjusted to spread the flame along the entire length of the select grade red oak specimen in 51/2 min.

4.3 This test method does not provide for the following:

4.3.1 Measurement of heat transmission through the tested surface.

4.3.2 The effect of aggravated flame spread behavior of an assembly resulting from the proximity of combustible walls and ceilings.

4.3.3 Classifying or defining a material as noncombustible, by means of a flame spread index by itself.

1. Scope

1.1 This fire-test-response standard for the comparative surface burning behavior of building materials is applicable to exposed surfaces such as walls and ceilings. The test is conducted with the specimen in the ceiling position with the surface to be evaluated exposed face down to the ignition source. The material, product, or assembly shall be capable of being mounted in the test position during the test. Thus, the specimen shall either be self-supporting by its own structural quality, held in place by added supports along the test surface, or secured from the back side.

1.2 Test Method E84 is a 10-min fire-test response method. The following standards address testing of materials in accordance with test methods that are applications or variations of the test method or apparatus used for Test Method E84:

1.2.1 Materials required by the user to meet an extended 30-min duration tunnel test shall be tested in accordance with Test Method E2768.

1.2.2 Wires and cables for use in air-handling spaces shall be tested in accordance with NFPA 262.

1.2.3 Pneumatic tubing for control systems shall be tested in accordance with UL 1820.

1.2.4 Combustible sprinkler piping shall be tested in accordance with UL 1887.

1.2.5 Optical fiber and communications raceways for use in air handling spaces shall be tested in accordance with UL 2024.

1.3 The purpose of this test method is to determine the relative burning behavior of the material by observing the flame spread along the specimen. Flame spread and smoke developed index are reported. However, there is not necessarily a relationship between these two measurements.

1.4 The use of supporting materials on the underside of the test specimen has the ability to lower the flame spread index from those which might be obtained if the specimen could be tested without such support. These test results do not necessarily relate to indices obtained by testing materials without such support.

1.5 Testing of materials that melt, drip, or delaminate to such a degree that the continuity of the flame front is destroyed, results in low flame spread indices that do not relate directly to indices obtained by testing materials that remain in place.

1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

1.7 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

1.8 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.

1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.10 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.

1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Test Requirement 测试要求：

建筑材料表面燃烧特性测定

Sample Size 样品数量 / 送样规格: Width: 20 ~ 24 in. (508 ~ 610 mm)   Length: 24 ft (+ 12 in. - 6 in.) Thickness: maximum 4 in. (101 mm).
Lead Time / TAT (Turn Around Time) 测试周期: 常规服务 Regular service 16 working days

Report Summary 报告摘要:

Standard News 标准新闻：

1987年美国国家标准局采用小型及大型试验，比较了几种材料的阻燃试样与未阻燃试样的火灾危险性，比较结果是：发生火灾后可供逃生时间，阻燃试样是未阻燃试样的15倍。因此目前欧美等发达国家对于材料和产品（尤其是电器、家私和建筑材料）的阻燃性能尤其重视，各国都出台了相应的强制性或建议性燃烧性能标准。

隧道试验是将测试材料的表面燃烧特性与石棉胶合板和未处理的红橡木做比较。0等级为石棉胶合板，100等级为未处理的红橡木地板材料。各种未处理的木材的火焰传播速率范围为60到230。在这个测试中，燃烧过程中产生的烟也同时被测量，并且在相同的范围内划分出其等级。这些等级在开始的10分钟内就被确定下来了。然而与防火涂层不同的是，建筑规范要求测试时间从10分钟延长到30分钟，火焰传播不能超过燃烧器10 1/2英尺，而且要求没有进一步燃烧的迹象。

ASTM E84隧道法测试设备：长7.62m，开口端横截面为0.45m*0.30m的内衬耐火砖的钢槽，槽侧有窗口。以下几点值得注意：

1）ASTM E84主要评估的是材料或成品的火焰传播指数（FSI）和烟密度，并提供此两参数在燃烧过程中随时间变化的曲线。
2）试件至少1个 尺寸为：0.51米*7.32米* 使用最大厚度（长度不够需拼接处理）。
点燃源为2个煤气喷灯，能量输出为5.3MJ/min，位于试件之下190mm处，平行于实验室火的末端，相距305mm。试验时间为10分钟，根据试验测得FSI（flame spread index火焰传播指数）值。
3）由隧道法测定的材料的FSI值（介于0－200）及烟密度值将材料分类。高层建筑和楼道，要求FSI<25,FSI=25－100的材料只能用于防火要求不高的场所，FSI>100的材料不符合阻燃要求。标准将FSI值划分为三类:A类0－25，B类26－75，C类76－200。同时，烟指数小于450。

该方法与NFPA 5，UL 723等同，用该方法测定一般建筑材料的FSI，A类为0~25，B类为26~75，C类为76~200，烟指数小于450（或按照ASTM D 2843测定的烟密度不大于75）。对于硬质泡沫塑料，FSI应小于等于25（或ASTM D2843方法小于等于75），烟指数小于450。