1.1 This method describes a procedure which can be applied to the determination of acid-insoluble lignin in wood and in all grades of unbleached pulps. In semi-bleached pulp the lignin content should not be less than about 1% to provide a sufficient amount of lignin, about 20 mg, for an accurate weighing. The method is not applicable to bleached pulps containing only small amounts of lignin.
1.2 Some of the lignin dissolves in acid solution during the test and is not included in the test result. In softwoods (coniferous woods) and in sulfate pulps, the amount of soluble lignin is small, about 0.2 to 0.5%. In hardwoods (deciduous woods), non-wood fibers, and in sulfite pulps, the content of soluble lignin is about 3 to 5%. In semi-bleached pulps, soluble lignin could amount to about one-half or more of the total lignin content.
NOTE 1: The acid-soluble lignin can be determined in a solution, after filtering off the insoluble lignin, by a spectrophotometric method based on absorption of ultraviolet radiation. The most often used wavelength is 205 nm (1).
1.3 The total lignin content in pulps can be estimated fairly closely by rapid, indirect methods based on chlorination of the lignin (TAPPI T 253 “Hypo Number of Pulp” -method withdrawn in 1998) or oxidation of the lignin (TAPPI T 236 “Kappa Number of Pulp”).